Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Table 2 Implant types, interventions, and immobilization regimens for the included studies
Study | Implant | Intervention | Immobilization | Open fracture, N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Weißer 2003 [29] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | IMN | NR | NR |
Gao 2005 [24] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | IMN | 2–3 weeks | 8 (44%) |
Weckbach 2006 [25] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | IMN | None | 5 (15%) |
Visńa 2008 [30] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | IMN | Selective immobilization | 20 (25.3%) |
Lee 2008 [6] | Acumed: rod system | IMN | 6 weeks | 7 (18%) |
Ozkaya 2009 [31] | NR: ILN | ORIF 22/IMN 20 | ORIF: none/IMN: 2–3 weeks | 3 (7.1%): ORIF: 2 (9.1%) IMN: 1 (5%) |
Bansal 2011 [32] | NR: square nail | IMN | None | 3 (25%) |
Behnke 2012 [12] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | ORIF 27/hybrid 29 | 1 week | 10 (17.9%) |
Lil 2012 [33] | Talwalkar: square nail | IMN | Immobilization (NR) | 2 (7.4%) |
Saka 2013 [34] | TST: ILN | IMN | None | 2 (11%) |
Lee 2014 [15] | Acumed: rod system | ORIF 32/IMN 35 | ORIF: none IMN: 2 weeks | 19 (28%): ORIF: 10/32 (31%) IMN: 9/35 (26%) |
Saka 2014 [35] | TST: ILN | IMN | None | 3 (13%) |
Saka 2014 [26] | TST: ILN | IMN | None | 2 (5%) |
Köse 2014 [36] | TST: ILN | IMN | 2–3 days | NR |
Kim 2015 [13] | Acumed: rod system | ORIF 31 hybrid 16 | 2–3 weeks | 16 (34%) |
Zhang 2016 [10] | Smith & Nephew: foresight | ORIF 21 IMN 22 hybrid 44 | 2 weeks | 0 |
Al-Sadek 2016 [37] | Talwalkar: square nail | 23 ORIF 22 IMN | Immobilization (NR) | 0 |
Köse 2016 [38] | TST: ILN | IMN | None | 0 |
Babu 2017 [39] | Talwalkar: square nail | IMN | 6 weeks | 0 |
Kose 2017 [17] | TST: ILN | ORIF 42 IMN 48 | IMN: none / ORIF: immobilized | IMN 12 (13%) ORIF 8 (9%) |
Azboy 2017 [20] | TST: ILN | IMN | Immobilize: type C | 9 (28%) |
Yörükoğlu 2017 [28] | Acumed: rod system | IMN | NR | 0 |
Kibar 2019 [16] | TST: ILN | ORIF 30 IMN 27 | ORIF: 2–3 weeks / IMN: none | ORIF: 2 (6.7%) IMN: 2 (7%) |
Lee 2019 [40] | Acumed: rod system | ORIF 41 IMN 28 hybrid 32 | ORIF: none IMN: 2 weeks | ORIF 12 (30%) IMN 8 (28%) hybrid 8 (25%) |
Kibar 2020 [14] | TST: ILN | ORIF 22 IMN 27 | ORIF: 2–3 weeks IMN: none | 5 (10.2%) |
Uygur 2021 [41] | TST: ILN | IMN | 2 weeks | 23 (29.4%) |
Pavone 2021 [11] | Acumed: rod system | ORIF 14 IMN 9 | ORIF: 2 weeks IMN: none | 0 |
Kale 2021 [19] | NR: ILN | IMN | 6 days | 0 |
Blažević 2021 [18] | Treu-instrumente GmbH nail | IMN | None | 1 (5%) |
Aggregate | Total IMN: 764 Total ORIF: 275 Total hybrid: 111 | Total open fractures: 190 (16.5%) Open fracture ORIF: 34 (12.3%) Open fracture IMN/hybrid: 170 (13.5%) |