Table 2 Preoperative patient characteristics including data on objective knee laxity and subjective outcomes

Age, mean ± SD

27 ± 11

29 ± 11

 < 0.001

27 ± 10

30 ± 11

 < 0.001

Sex, female/male %

43/57

40/60

 <0 .001

40/60

40/60

0.54

Instrumented sagittal knee laxity ≤ 2 mm, n (%)

360 (9.8)

2257 (10.4)

0.31

1084 (10.3)

1533 (10.3)

0.98

Instrumented sagittal knee laxity in mm, mean ± SD

4.9 ± 2.0

4.9 ± 2.1

0.09

4.9 ± 1.9

5 ± 2.1

 < 0.001

Negative pivot shift test, n (%)

380 (9.1)

2860 (11.6)

 < 0.001

1239 (10.5)

2001 (11.8)

 < 0.001

Pivoting sport leading to injury, n (%)

2766 (62.1)

14,909 (57.7)

 < 0.001

7954 (63.5)

9721 (54.7)

 < 0.001

Graft choice

 Hamstring tendon, n (%)

3776 (84.9)

21,351 (82.9)

 < 0.001

10,510 (84.1)

14,617 (82.6)

 <0 .001

 Bone–patella tendon–bone, n (%)

323 (7.3)

2542 (9.9)

 < 0.001

1015 (8.1)

1850 (10.5)

 < 0.001

 Quadriceps tendon–bone or quadriceps tendon, n (%)

280 (6.3)

1130 (4.4)

 < 0.001

713 (5.7)

697 (3.9)

 < 0.001

 Other, n (%)

66 (1.5)

719 (2.8)

 < 0.001

254 (2)

531 (3)

 < .001

 Meniscal damage, n (%)

2008 (45.1)

11,308 (43.8)

0.11

5346 (42.7)

7970 (44.9)

 < 0.001

 Cartilage damage, n (%)

529 (11.9)

3971 (15.4)

 < 0.001

1556 (12.4)

2944 (16.6)

 <0 .001

 KOOS4, mean ± SD

51 ± 15.3

56 ± 15.4

 < 0.001

53 ± 15.1

56 ± 15.6

 <0 .001

 Preoperative Tegner activity score, mean ± SD

2.7 ± 2.3

3.0 ± 1.9

 <0 .001

2.8 ± 2.1

3.0 ± 1.9

 < 0.001

 Preinjury Tegner activity score, mean ± SD

6.9 ± 1.9

6.6 ± 1.9

 < 0.001

6.9 ± 1.9

6.5 ± 1.9

 <0 .001