Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Table 2 Summary of articles included in the systematic review: intervention and control group
Main author and year | Intervention group | Control group | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention: preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis | Outcome: SSI | Demographic characteristics | Comorbidities | Intervention: placebo or no drug prophylaxis | Outcome: SSI | Demographic characteristics | Comorbidities | ||
1 | Aydin N (2010) [14] | 211 (cefazolin) | 8 | 215 (placebo) | 7 | ||||
2 | Bykowski MR (2011) [16] | 2.755 | 15 | Mean age 55 ± 15 years Sex (M/F) 36.2%/63.8% BMI 29.1 ± 6 kg/m2 | Smoking 14.9% Diabetes mellitus 12.8% | 6095 (none) | 16 | Mean age 52 ± 15 years Sex (M/F) 37.3%/62.7% BMI 28.6 ± 6 kg/m2 | Smoking 19.1% Diabetes mellitus 10% |
3 | Bäcker HC (2021) [15] | 177 (cefazolin) | 1 | Mean age 63.4 years Sex (M/F) 36.7%/63.3% | Comorbidities 14.1% | 257 (none) | 1 | Mean age 58.5 years Sex (M/F) 39.7%/60.3% | Comorbidities 23.7% |
4 | Harness NG (2010) [4] | 1.419 | 5 | Median age 56 (48–66) years Sex (M/F) 29.7%/70.3% | Diabetes mellitus 12.7% | 917 (none) | 6 | Median age 57 (49–69) years Sex (M/F) 34.1%/65.9% | Diabetes mellitus 26.6% |
5 | Hoel RJ (2018) [17] | 203 (cefazolin/clindamycin) | 0, because the 2 cases of infection underwent percutaneous fixation with Kirschner wires | 115 (none) | 0 | ||||
6 | Johnson SP (2018) [7] | 37.741 (cefazolin, vancomycin, gentamicin, among others) | 140 | 247,901 (none) | 710 | ||||
7 | Li K (2018) [18] | 58.201 | 832 | Mean age 53 ± 15 years Sex (M/F) 37.1%/62.9% | Diabetes mellitus 20.7% Smoking 11.9% RA 3% | 458,785 (none) | 6933 | Mean age 54 ± 15 years Sex (M/F) 35.9%/64.1% | Diabetes mellitus 19% Smoking 6.3% RA 2.7% |
8 | Mehta S (2022) [19] | 491 | 19 | Mean age 59 ± 14 years Sex (M/F) 34.6%/65.4% BMI 34 ± 9.7 kg/m2 | Diabetes mellitus 29.5% Smoking 13.4% HbA1c > 7 12.6% ESRD 2.2% | 279 (none) | 9 | Mean age 58 ± 14 years Sex (M/F) 36.2%/63.8% BMI 34 ± 8.9 kg/m2 | Diabetes mellitus 21.5% Smoking 11.5% HbA1c > 7 5.4% ESRD 0.7% |
9 | Tosti R (2012) [20] | 212 (cefazolin/vancomycin or clindamycin) | 1 | Mean age 52 ± 14.9 years Sex (M/F) 31.6%/68.4% | Diabetes mellitus 27.3% Smoking 23.1% | 388 (none) | 3 | Mean age 55.9 ± 14.7 years Sex (M/F) 32.2%/67.8% | Diabetes mellitus 22% Smoking 17% |
10 | Vasconcelos C (2017) [21] | 180 (cefazolin) | 2 | Mean age 58.4 years Sex (M/F) 13.3%/86.7% | Comorbidities 21.1% Diabetes mellitus 15% | 166 (none) | 2 | Mean age 58.5 years Sex (M/F) 15.7%/84.3% | Comorbidities 62% Diabetes mellitus 13.8% |
11 | Wachtel N (2023) [22] | 69; of these, 54 patients were recruited retrospectively and 15 prospectively (cefuroxime or clindamycin) | 0 | Mean age 38.6 years BMI 25.4 kg/m2 | Comorbidities 24.1% Diabetes mellitus 0 Smoking 27.5% Alcohol consumption 21.7% IT 5.8% Prior SSI 2.9% | 109; of these, 46 patients were recruited retrospectively and 63 prospectively (none) | 0 | Mean age 37.8 years BMI 24.7 kg/m2 | Comorbidities 60.5% Diabetes mellitus 2.7% Smoking 23% Alcohol consumption 24.7% IT 5.5% SSI 18.3% |
12 | Zheng A (2022) [23] | 623 (cefazolin, clindamycin, among others) | 17 | 296 (none) | 7 | ||||