Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 5 Comparison of clinical and radiological parameters in conservative versus surgical subgroups

From: Arthrosis diagnosis and treatment recommendations in clinical practice: an exploratory investigation with the generative AI model GPT-4

	Conservative (n = 50)	Surgical (n = 50)	p-value
Age (years)			< 0.001*
Range	35–81	50–88
Mean (± SD)	59.3 (± 10.5)	70.0 (± 9.03)
Complaints duration (years)			0.266
Range	0.04–14	0.08–10
Mean (± SD)	2.35 (± 2.99)	3.02 (± 3.01)
Resting pain	11 (22.0%)	24 (48.0%)	0.006*
Night pain	15 (30.0%)	27 (54.0%)	0.015*
Start-up pain	24 (48.0%)	29 (58.0%)	0.316
Load pain	47 (94.0%)	49 (98.0%)	0.307
Reduced walking distance	21 (42.0%)	41 (82.0%)	< 0.001*
Long-term painkillers	7 (14.0%)	25 (50.0%)	< 0.001*
Reduced life quality	6 (12.0%)	43 (86.0%)	< 0.001*
Restricted joint mobility	12 (24.0%)	37 (74.0%)	< 0.001*
Clarke’s sign¹	11 (22.0%)	18 (36.0%)	0.045*
Joint line palpation pain¹	10 (20.0%)	21 (42.0%)	0.001*
Impingement pain²	19 (38.0%)	24 (48.0%)	0.042*
Groin palpation pain²	9 (18.0%)	19 (38.0%)	0.011*
KL score			< 0.001*
Grade 1	10 (20.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Grade 2	15 (30.0%)	5 (10.0%)
Grade 3	24 (48.0%)	20 (40.0%)
Grade 4	1 (2.0%)	25 (50.0%)

SD standard deviation, KL Kellgren and Lawrence
^*Significant p-value
¹refers exclusively to the knee subgroup
²refers exclusively to the hip subgroup

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