Table 4 Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports (n = 5)

1. Were the patient’s demographic characteristics clearly described?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

2. Was the patient’s history clearly described and presented as a timeline?

No

No

Yes

No

Yes

3. Was the current clinical condition of the patient on presentation clearly described?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

4. Were diagnostic tests or assessment methods and the results clearly described?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

5. Was the intervention(s) or treatment procedure(s) clearly described?

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

6. Was the post-intervention clinical condition clearly described?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

7. Were adverse events (harms) or unanticipated events identified and described?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

8. Does the case report provide takeaway lessons?

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Overall appraisal

Included

Included

Included

Included

Included