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Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 3 Overview of detected microorganisms in the three study groups

From: The value of sonication in the differential diagnosis of septic and aseptic femoral and tibial shaft nonunion in comparison to conventional tissue culture and histopathology: a prospective multicenter clinical study

Study group

Culture results

TC

SF broth culture

MF

N

%

N

%

N

%

Septic nonunion (N = 42)

Negative

13

31

13

31

20

48

1 species/sample

26

90

26

90

11

50

2 species/sample

3

10

3

10

7

32

3 species/sample

–

–

–

–

4

18

Cutibacterium acnes

10

31

3

9

6

16

CoNS

16

50

24

75

25

68

Staphylococcus aureus

4

13

1

3

1

3

Finegoldia magna

1

3

2

6

1

3

Serratia marcescens

1

3

1

3

1

3

Enterococcus faecalis

–

–

1

3

1

3

Corynebacterium spp.

–

–

–

–

2

5

Aseptic nonunion (N = 53)

Negative

51

96

43

81

49

93

1 species/sample

2

100

10

100

–

–

2 species/sample

–

–

–

–

3

75

3 species/sample

–

–

–

–

1

25

Cutibacterium acnes

–

–

4

40

3

33

CoNS

1

50

5

50

5

56

Kocuria varians

1

50

–

–

–

–

Brevibacillus choshinensis

–

–

1

10

–

–

Corynebacterium spp.

–

–

–

–

1

11

Regular healers (N = 32)

Negative

29

91

23

72

29

91

1 species/sample

2

67

8

89

2

67

2 species/sample

1

33

1

11

1

33

Cutibacterium acnes

2

50

1

10

2

50

CoNS

1

25

5

50

1

25

Corynebacterium spp.

1

25

1

10

–

–

Bacillus spp.

–

–

3

30

1

25

  1. TC tissue culture (14-day culture of study tissue sample), SF sonication fluid (10-day culture of sonication fluid in broth), MF membrane-filtrated sonication fluid (cut-off value: ≥ 13.6 CFU/10 ml), CoNS coagulase-negative staphylococci, spp. species