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Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 1 Inclusion criteria according to the PICOS scheme

From: Efficacy and safety of robotic spine surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis

Population

Patients of any age and sex with any pathology of the spine

Intervention

Robot-assisted surgery for the placement of pedicle screws in spinal operations

Comparator

Any other type of surgery for the placement of pedicle screws in spine surgery

Outcomes

Any measure related to the efficacy and safety of the use of the robot. Studies assessing economic, organisational, ethical, legal or implementation aspects of the technology were also included

Study design

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), SRs and/or meta-analyses, HTA reports, Clinical Practice Guidelines