Table 6 Encountered complications

Broken antibiotic cement nail/rod

[10, 14, 20, 29, 40, 41]

Cement–nail debonding

[19, 20, 43]

Cement cracking

[10]

Nail migration

[40]

Distal locking screw migration

[22]

Nail bending

[40]

Difficult nail removal

[16, 19, 20, 29, 40, 41]

Adjacent knee-joint infection

[29]

Septic hip arthritis likely from insertion site contamination

[21]

Limited range of knee-joint motion

[39]

Knee stiffness

[41]

Union failure

[16, 22, 24, 47]

Persistent and/or recurring infection

[22, 24, 34]

Amputation

[22, 27, 29, 43]

Nerve compression, painful screw, hematoma, skin infection, and joint contractures

[20]

Painful olecranon plate needing removal

[44]

Local antibiotic intolerance related to vancomycin hypersensitivity

[21]

Pin-site infection, wound dehiscence, proximal tibial fracture

[27]

No specific complications reported

[8, 9, 11,12,13, 15, 17, 18, 23, 25, 26, 28, 30,31,32,33, 35,36,37,38, 42, 45, 46, 48]