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Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: The effectiveness of vibration therapy for muscle peak torque and postural control in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Author, year

Study design

Study country

Groups

Number (% females)

Time interval from surgery to intervention

Graft type

Outcome measures

Duration

VT parameters

Salvarani, 2003

RCT

Italy

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 10)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 10)

20 (85%)

1 month

Not presented

Mean of peak force (extension, flexion)

EMG activity

2 weeks/10 sessions

Frequency: 30 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: 5/60 s

Brunetti, 2006

RCT

Italy

I: Conventional rehabilitation + LMV (n = 15)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 15)

30 (61%)

1 month

Not presented

Extensor peak torque

Postural control (open-eye and closed-eye)

Ligament laxity

EMG activity

Knee ROM

1 week/3 sessions

Frequency: 100 Hz

Amplitude: 5–15 µm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: 10/60 s

Fu, 2013

RCT

Hong Kong

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 19)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 20)

48 (33%)

1 month

Hamstring graft

Joint position sense

Postural control

Knee ROM

Ligament laxity

Functional ability

8 weeks/16 sessions

Frequency: 20–60 Hz

Amplitude: 2–4 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: –

Moezy, 2018

RCT

Iran

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 10)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 10)

40 (50%)

3 months

Not presented

Joint position sense

Postural control

12 weeks/12 sessions

Frequency: 30–50 Hz

Amplitude: 2.5–5 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: 8–16/30-60 s

Berschin, 2014

RCT

Germany

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 20)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 20)

40 (27%)

2 weeks

Patellar tendon graft

Extensor and flexor

Peak torque

Ligament laxity

Postural control

10 weeks/– sessions

Frequency: 10–30 Hz

Amplitude: 5–9 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: 2–6/60 s

Lee, 2015

RCT

USA

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV(n = 19)/LMV (n = 19)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 18)

56 (50%)

–

Not presented

RTD

Extensor peak torque

–/–

Frequency: 30 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: 2 g

Repetition/time: 6/60 s

Costantino, 2017

RCT

Italy

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 19)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 19)

38 (100%)

13 weeks

Not presented

Extensor and flexor

Peak torque

Extensor and flexor

Maximum power

8 weeks/24 sessions

Frequency: 26 Hz

Amplitude: 2.5 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time:6/60 s

da Costa, 2017

RCT

Brazil

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 22)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 22)

44 (0%)

14–18 weeks

Hamstring graft

Extensor peak torque

EMG activity

Postural control

–/–

Frequency: 50 Hz

Amplitude: 4 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time:10/30 s

Park, 2019

RCT

Korea

I: Conventional rehabilitation + LMV (n = 11)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 13)

24 (40%)

1 week

Not presented

Extensor and flexor

Peak torque

Knee ROM

8 weeks/8 sessions

Frequency: 300 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time:6–12/60 s

Pamukoff, 2016

RCT

USA

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 7)/LMV (n = 7)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 6)

20 (60%)

Mean: 50 weeks

Patellar tendon/hamstring graft

Extensor peak torque

Extensor AMT

RTD

MEP

EMG activity

–/–

Frequency: 30 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: 2 g

Repetition/time:6–6/60 s

Pamukoff, 2017

RCT

USA

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 7)/LMV (n = 7)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 6)

20 (30%)

Mean:50 weeks

Patellar tendon/hamstring graft

RTD

EMD

Extensor peak torque

–/–

Frequency: 30 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: 2 g

Repetition/time:6–6/60 s

Goetschius, 2019

RCT

USA

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 26)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 21)

47 (–%)

Mean: 4.7 months

Patellar tendon/hamstring graft

Extensor peak torque

MVIC

–/–

Frequency: 50 Hz

Amplitude: 5 mm

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time:–

Bae, 2017

RCT

Korea

I: Conventional rehabilitation + WBV (n = 11)

Control: Conventional rehabilitation (n = 11)

22 (10%)

–

Hamstring graft

Extensor peak torque

Postural control

6 weeks/–

Frequency: 20–40 Hz

Amplitude: –

Acceleration: –

Repetition/time: –

  1. AMT active motor threshold, RTD rate of torque development, MEP motor evoked potential, EMD electromechanical delay, MVIC maximum voluntary isometric contraction, EMG electromyography, RCT randomized clinical trial, LMV local muscle vibration, WBV whole-body vibration
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