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Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 2 Pattern description of forearm fracture–dislocations and list of authors reporting each type of injury

From: Fracture–dislocations of the forearm joint: a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive locker-based classification system

Type

Lesion description

Authors

Two-locker injuries

 1.2I

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture

Rethnam [23], Sharma [24], Obert [25], El Ibrahimi [28], Watanabe [27], Koulali-Idrissi [29]

 1.2 IU

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–ulna fracture

Rehim [5]

 1.2IR

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–radius fracture

Rao [38], Haddad [39], Linzel [40], Mehara [41], Cherif [42], Simpson [45], Shamian [43], Singh [44]

 1.2RIU

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–ulna fracture–radius fracture

Ouakrim [63]

 2I.3

IOM rupture–DRUJ dislocation

Wassink [30], Szabo [31], Bruckner [32], Carlsen [33]

 2IR.3

IOM rupture–radius fracture–DRUJ dislocation

Sebastin [6]

 2 IU.3

IOM rupture–ulna fracture–DRUJ dislocation

None

 2RIU.3

IOM rupture–radius fracture–ulna fracture–DRUJ dislocation

Ryan [64], Vaishya [62]

 1.3

PRUJ dislocation–DRUJ dislocation

Leung [9], Verettas [10], Potter [11], Nishi [12], Spicer [13], Papageorgiu [14], Wong [35], Tosun [36], Raghavendra [37]

Three-locker injuries

 1.2I.3

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–DRUJ dislocation

McGlinn [7]

 1.2RIU.3

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–radius fracture–ulna fracture–DRUJ dislocation

Koutserimpas [57], Mann [55], Kanso [56], Rappold [58], Clare [59], Letta [60]

 1.2IR.3

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–radius fracture–DRUJ dislocation

Kedous [48], Jones [49], Khurana [50], Eglseder [51], Falsafi [52]

 1.2IU.3

PRUJ dislocation–IOM rupture–ulna fracture–DRUJ dislocation

Cheung [53], Jafari [54]

  1. PRUJ proximal radioulnar joint, IOM interosseous membrane, DRUJ distal radioulnar joint