Fig. 3From: A new ligament-compatible patient-specific 3D-printed implant and instrumentation for total ankle arthroplasty: from biomechanical studies to clinical casesTypical flow for custom TAA design and manufacturing. a Typical patient during CT scan; in this case, a modern cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) device was used, with patient in weight-bearing. b Screenshots of medical imaging soon after scan of foot and ankle (top) and during segmentation (bottom). c Arthritic ankle with relevant bone models after completion of 3D reconstruction. d Screenshots during virtual planning and custom design: tailoring dimensions and positioning of components as well as model after final virtual implantation and corresponding bone preparation. e Final model of replaced ankle once 3D printed with cheap polymer powders for final check. f Final metal prosthesis components manufactured in Cr-Co-Mo powders just before implantation—after polishing and coating. These shall be implanted back into the original patientBack to article page