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Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Fig. 2 | Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Fig. 2

From: The ‘diamond concept’ for long bone non-union management

Fig. 2

(Adapted from Walters et al. [34] used with permission)

Diagrammatic representation of fracture haematoma composition. Key: IL interleukin, MCP monocyte chemoattractive protein, M-CSF monocyte colony-stimulating factor, BMP bone morphogenic protein, PDGF platelet-derived growth factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, OPG osteoprotegerin, SOST sclerostin

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