Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Table 2 Risk of Bias Judgements in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) evaluations
Study | Confounding | Selection of participants | Classification of interventions | Deviations from intended interventions | Missing data | Measurement of outcomes | Selection of reported results | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plata Bello et al. | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
Appel et al. | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Moderate |
Hilibrand et al. | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate |
Sakaki et al. | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
Oya et al. | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
Garcia et al. | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Moderate |
Xu et al. | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
Eggspuehler et al. | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Moderate |