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Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Table 3 Hodges–Lehmann estimates for the confidence intervals for the median differences between the groups

From: Circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis development

Mediator

Control vs. KL 1–2

Control vs. KL 3–4

KL 1–2 vs. KL 3–4

Plasma

 NO x

− 8.02 (− 12.05 to − 6.55)*

 7.48 (− 13.50 to 0.19)

2.20 (− 2.68 to 6.97)

 IL-1β

− 0.6 (− 1.0 to − 0.2)*

− 0.4 (− 0.8 to 0.1)

0.2 (− 0.2 to 0.7)

 IL-6

− 1.97 (− 3.88 to − 0.99)*

− 1.0 (− 2.19 to − 0.22)*

0.82 (− 0.53 to 2.47)

 IL-18

13.88 (− 30.0 to 54.0)

45.71 (− 13.0 to 107.75)

26.71 (− 31.0 to 101.75)

 TNFα

1.0 (0.0 to 2.286)*

− 0.358 (− 3.857 to 1.572)

− 0.857 (− 4.286 to 0.429)

 Uric acid

− 100.16 (− 170.29 to − 44.15)*

− 95.13 (− 156.99 to − 49.66)*

1.59 (− 65.57 to 70.96)

 Leptin

− 2.18 (− 8.65 to 0.05)

− 7.71 (− 19.64 to − 1.0)*

− 3.28 (− 12.31 to 2.0)

Synovial fluid

 NO x

− 0.95 (− 3.26 to 0.84)

 IL-1β

0.1 (− 0.3 to 2.1)

 IL-6

0 (− 228.56 to 2404.0)

 IL-18

− 6.5 (− 21.5 to 16.25)

 TNFα

0.429 (− 1.143 to 3.143)

 Uric acid

− 0.02 (− 58.56 to 63.07)

 Leptin

− 1.91 (− 7.29 to 7.19)

  1. Data are presented as Hodges–Lehmann estimator (95% CI lower bound to upper bound). Cases where the null hypothesis was rejected are labeled with asterisks (*). Cases which deviate from the pattern of significant differences defined by the Mann–Whitney U test or Dunn’s test are highlighted in bold