Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Table 1 Summary of case reports/case series
From: Do bisphosphonates cause femoral insufficiency fractures?
Author | No. of patients | Age of patient | Fracture site | Other risk factors | BPN | Years of bisphosphonate preceding injury | Histomorphometrically confirmed suppressed bone turnover |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aspenberg et al. [2] | 1 F | 57 | Subtrochanteric | RA, pred | ALN/RSN | 7 | Yes |
Capeci and Tejwani [10] | 7 F | 61 | Subtrochanteric/femoral shaft | Â | ALN | 8.6Â | No |
Cheung et al. [13] | 1 F | 82 | Femoral shaft | No risk factors | ALN | 10 | Yes |
Das De et al. [16] | 12 F | 63.1 | Subtrochanteric Midshaft | 4× Pred | ALN | 4.6 | No |
Demiralp et al. [17] | 1 F | 65 | Femoral shaft | Pred | ALN | 7 | No |
Edwards et al. [19] | 1 F | 60 | Femoral diaphysis | Steroid use for 10Â years | ALN | 6 | Â |
Goddard et al. [22] | 1 F | 67 | Femoral shaft | No risk factors | ALN | 16 | No |
Griffing and Nallapaneni [23] | 1 M | 49 | Femoral shaft | HIV | ALN | 8 | No |
Husada et al. [25] | 1 F | 72 | Femoral shaft | Osteoporosis | ALN | Not stated | No |
Ing-Lorenzin et al. [26] | 7 F | 67.5 | Subtrochanteric | Steroid and proton pump inhibitor use | 5× ALN 2× Ibadronate | ALN (16 months–8 years) | No |
Kwek et al. [30] | 17 F | 66 | Subtrochanteric | 1× RA | ALN | 4.8 | No |
1× Pred | |||||||
Lee et al. [31] | 1 F | 73 | Femoral shaft | – | ALN | 1.5 | No |
Lenart et al. [32] | 15 F | – | Subtrochanteric/femoral diaphysis | – | ALN | 5.4 | No |
Leung et al. [34] | 9 F 1 M | 78.2 | Subtrochanteric/femoral diaphysis | 2× Pred | ALN | 3.6 | No |
Odvina et al. [38] | 13 F | 64.3 | Midshaft | 4× Steroids | 10× ALN 3× RSN | ALN—8.5 RSN—3.3 | Yes 6/13—severe suppression |
Odvina et al. [39] | 4 F | 63 | Proximal/midshaft | 1× Steroids | ALN | 6.5 | Yes |
Sayed-Noor and Sjoden [43] | 1 F | 72 | Subtrochanteric | Anorexia | ALN | 7 | No |
Sayeed-Noor and Sjoden [44] | 2 F | 66.5 | Midshaft Subtrochanteric | – | ALN | 10 | No |
Schilcher and Aspenberg [45] | 5 | 75 | Femoral shaft | 1× RA and steroid | ALN | 5.8 | No |
Schneider [46] | 1 F | 59 | Spiral mid-shaft | HRT | ALN | 7 | No |
Somford et al. [50] | 1 F | 76 | Bilateral femoral shaft | RA Pred | ALN | 8 | Yes |
Somford et al. [51] | 3 F | 73.3 | Subtrochanteric | 3× RA, pred | ALN | 9.3 | No |
Visekruna et al. [53] | 3 F | 62.7 | Subtrochanteric/femoral shaft | 3× Pred (11.7 years) | ALN | 8.3 | Yes—reduced osteoids |
Wang et al. [54] | 7 F 1 M | 72 | Subtrochanteric | 5× Steroids | ALN | 5.9 | No |