Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the participants with and without early knee osteoarthritis
| Â | Total | Non-OA | EKOA | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample size | 359 | 305 | 54 | Â |
Age, years | 51.3 ± 11.7 | 50.5 ± 11.8 | 55.9 ± 9.6 | 0.002 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.9 ± 3.1 | 21.8 ± 3.1 | 22.5 ± 3.2 | 0.101 |
Bone mineral density, g/cm2 | 0.618 ± 0.100 | 0.619 ± 0.102 | 0.612 ± 0.093 | 0.509 |
Lifestyle habits | ||||
Smoking | 33 (9.2%) | 28 (9.2%) | 5 (9.3%) | 0.991 |
Drinking | 136 (38.0%) | 115 (37.8%) | 21 (38.9%) | 0.882 |
Fitness | 87 (24.3%) | 71 (23.4%) | 16 (29.6%) | 0.322 |
Morphological parameters | ||||
MPTA | 86.1° ± 1.4° | 86.1° ± 1.5° | 86.4° ± 1.3° | 0.187 |
Medial PTS | 3.6° ± 3.3° | 3.5° ± 3.2° | 3.7° ± 3.6° | 0.573 |
Lateral PTS | 1.8° ± 3.2° | 1.7° ± 3.2° | 2.2° ± 3.2° | 0.208 |
MRI findings | ||||
Cartilage lesion | 156 (43.5%) | 124 (40.7%) | 32 (59.3%) | 0.011 |
Bone marrow lesion | 103 (28.7%) | 79 (25.9%) | 24 (44.4%) | 0.005 |
Attrition | 23 (6.4%) | 15 (4.9%) | 8 (14.8%) | 0.006 |
Meniscal lesion | 44 (12.3%) | 29 (9.5%) | 15 (27.8%) |  < 0.001 |
Effusion | 93 (25.9%) | 70 (23.0%) | 23 (42.6%) | 0.002 |
Spreading root sign | 5 (1.4%) | 4 (1.3%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.554 |